Iyi ngingo izibanda ku bikoresho bya scintillation, gucukumbura ibikoresho nigishushanyo, imikoreshereze n’ibisabwa, ingaruka ku bidukikije no kuramba, guhanga udushya mu ikoranabuhanga, umutekano, n’amabwiriza y’amacupa ya scintillation. Mugushakisha izi nsanganyamatsiko, tuzarushaho gusobanukirwa n'akamaro k'ubushakashatsi bwa siyanse n'imirimo ya laboratoire, tunasuzume icyerekezo n'imbogamizi ziterambere.

Ⅰ. Guhitamo Ibikoresho

• PolyethyleneVS. Ikirahure: Ibyiza nibibi Kugereranya

 ▶Polyethylene

Ibyiza 

1. Ntibyoroshye kandi bitavunitse byoroshye, bikwiranye no gutwara no gutwara.

2. Igiciro gito, byoroshye gupima umusaruro.

3. Inertness nziza ya chimique, ntabwo izakira hamwe nimiti myinshi.

4. Irashobora gukoreshwa kuburugero hamwe na radioactivite yo hasi.

Ingaruka

1. Ibikoresho bya polyethylene birashobora gutera intambamyi isotopi zimwe na zimwe

2.Ubushobozi buke butuma bigora gukurikirana icyitegererezo.

Lass Ikirahure

         Ibyiza

1. Gukorera mu mucyo bihebuje byo kureba byoroshye ingero

2. Ifite guhuza neza na isotopi nyinshi ya radio

3. Ikora neza mubitegererezo hamwe na radio ikora cyane kandi ntibibangamira ibisubizo byo gupima.

Ingaruka

1. Ikirahure kiroroshye kandi gisaba gufata neza no kubika.

2. Igiciro cyibikoresho byikirahure ni kinini kandi ntabwo gikwiye kubucuruzi buciriritse kugirango bumenyeduce ku nini nini.

3. Ibikoresho by'ibirahure birashobora gushonga cyangwa kubora mumiti imwe n'imwe, biganisha ku mwanda.

• BirashobokaAGusabaOtherMaterial

PlastikeComposites

Ugeranije ibyiza bya polymers nibindi bikoresho byongera imbaraga (nka fiberglass), bifite portable hamwe nurwego runaka rwo kuramba no gukorera mu mucyo.

Ibikoresho bigabanuka

Kuri bimwe cyangwa ingero zishobora gutabwa, ibikoresho bishobora kwangirika bishobora gufatwa kugirango bigabanye ingaruka mbi ku bidukikije.

Imer PolymericMaterial

Hitamo ibikoresho bya polymer bikwiye nka polypropilene, polyester, nibindi ukurikije imikoreshereze yihariye ikenera guhuza imiti itandukanye hamwe nibisabwa kurwanya ruswa.

Nibyingenzi gushushanya no gutanga amacupa ya scintillation hamwe nibikorwa byiza kandi byizewe mumutekano usuzumye byimazeyo ibyiza nibibi byibikoresho bitandukanye kimwe nibikenerwa muburyo butandukanye bwo gusaba, kugirango uhitemo ibikoresho bikwiye byo gupakira muri laboratoire cyangwa mubindi bihe .

Ⅱ. Ibishushanyo mbonera

• IkidodoPimikorere

(1)Imbaraga zo gufunga imikorere ningirakamaro kugirango habeho ibisubizo byubushakashatsi. Icupa rya scintillation rigomba kuba rishobora gukumira neza imyuka ya radiyoyoka cyangwa kwinjiza ibyuka bihumanya hanze murugero kugirango harebwe ibisubizo nyabyo byo gupima.

(2)Ingaruka zo guhitamo ibikoresho kumikorere ya kashe.Amacupa ya Scintillation yakozwe mubikoresho bya polyethylene mubusanzwe afite imikorere myiza yo gufunga, ariko hashobora kubaho kwivanga kwicyitegererezo cyinshi cya radio. Ibinyuranyo, amacupa ya scintillation yakozwe mubirahuri arashobora gutanga imikorere myiza yo gufunga hamwe nubusembure bwimiti, bigatuma bikwiranye na radiyo ikora cyane.

(3)Gukoresha ibikoresho byo gufunga hamwe na tekinoroji yo gufunga. Usibye guhitamo ibikoresho, tekinoroji yo gufunga nikintu cyingenzi kigira ingaruka kumikorere. Uburyo busanzwe bwo gufunga burimo kongeramo gaze ya rubber imbere yumucupa, ukoresheje kashe ya plastike, nibindi. Uburyo bukwiye bwo gufunga bushobora gutoranywa ukurikije ibikenewe mubushakashatsi.

• UwitekaInfluence of theSize naShape yaScintillationBottles onPracticalAGusaba

(1)Ingano yo guhitamo ifitanye isano nubunini bw'icyitegererezo mu icupa rya scintillation.Ingano cyangwa ubushobozi bw'icupa rya scintillation bigomba kugenwa hashingiwe ku mubare w'icyitegererezo ugomba gupimwa mu bushakashatsi. Kubushakashatsi hamwe nubunini buto bw'icyitegererezo, guhitamo icupa rito rya scintillation icupa rishobora kuzigama ibiciro bifatika kandi byintangarugero, kandi bigatezimbere imikorere yubushakashatsi.

(2)Ingaruka yimiterere yo kuvanga no gusesa.Itandukaniro ryimiterere no hepfo yicupa rya scintillation rirashobora kandi kugira ingaruka kuvanga no gusesa hagati yintangarugero mugihe cyibigeragezo. Kurugero, icupa ryuzuye ryuzuye rishobora kuba ryiza muguhuza reaction muri oscillator, mugihe icupa ryuzuye hasi rirakwiriye cyane gutandukanya imvura muri centrifuge.

(3)Porogaramu idasanzwe. Amacupa amwe amwe yihariye, nkibishushanyo byo hasi hamwe na groove cyangwa spiral, birashobora kongera aho uhurira hagati yicyitegererezo hamwe namazi ya scintillation kandi bikongerera ubushobozi bwo gupima.

Mugushushanya kashe yerekana imikorere, ingano, imiterere, nubunini bwicupa rya scintillation muburyo bushyize mu gaciro, ibisabwa mubigeragezo birashobora kuba byujujwe kuburyo bugaragara, byemeza neza ibisubizo byubushakashatsi.

Ⅲ. Intego no Gushyira mu bikorwa

•  ScientificResearch

▶ RadioisotopeMkworohereza

(1)Ubushakashatsi ku buvuzi bwa kirimbuzi: Amashanyarazi ya Scintillation akoreshwa cyane mugupima ikwirakwizwa rya metabolisme ya isotopi ya radio ikora mubinyabuzima, nko gukwirakwiza no kwinjiza imiti ya radiyo. Metabolism hamwe nuburyo bwo gusohoka. Ibi bipimo bifite akamaro kanini mugupima indwara, kumenya inzira zo kuvura, no guteza imbere imiti mishya.

(2)Ubushakashatsi bwa chimie nucleaire. Ibi bifite akamaro kanini mugusobanukirwa imiterere nimpinduka yibikoresho bya kirimbuzi.

▶DKugaragaza

(1)IbiyobyabwengeMetabolismResearch: Flask ya Scintillation ikoreshwa mugusuzuma metabolike kinetics hamwe na proteine ​​yibiyobyabwenge bivangwa nibinyabuzima. Ibi bifasha

Kugenzura ibishobora kuba umukandida wibiyobyabwenge, guhuza ibishushanyo mbonera, no gusuzuma imiti ya farumasi.

(2)IbiyobyabwengeActivityEagaciro: Amacupa ya Scintillation nayo akoreshwa mugusuzuma ibikorwa byibinyabuzima ningaruka zibiyobyabwenge, kurugero, mugupima isano ihuza between imiti ya radiolabel hamwe na molekile igamije gusuzuma ibikorwa birwanya ibibyimba cyangwa mikorobe yibiyobyabwenge.

GusabaCases nka ADNSkuringaniza

(1)Ikoranabuhanga rya Radiolabeling: Mubushakashatsi bwibinyabuzima na genomika, amacupa ya scintillation akoreshwa mugupima ADN cyangwa RNA byanditseho isotopi ya radio. Ubu buryo bwo gukoresha ibimenyetso bya radiyoyakoreshwa bukoreshwa cyane muburyo bwa ADN, kuvanga RNA, guhuza aside-nucleic aside, hamwe nubundi bushakashatsi, bitanga ibikoresho byingenzi mubushakashatsi bwimikorere ya gene no gusuzuma indwara.

(2)Nucleic Acide Hybridisation: Amacupa ya Scintillation nayo akoreshwa mugupima ibimenyetso bya radio bikora muri nucleic acide reaction. Tekinoroji nyinshi zijyanye nayo ikoreshwa mugutahura urutonde rwihariye rwa ADN cyangwa RNA, bigafasha genomika nubushakashatsi bujyanye na transcriptomics.

Binyuze mu gukoresha amacupa ya scintillation mubushakashatsi bwa siyanse, iki gicuruzwa giha abakozi ba laboratoire uburyo bwo gupima radiyo ikora neza, ariko itanga ubufasha bwingenzi kubushakashatsi bwubumenyi nubuvuzi.

• IngandaAGusaba

▶PharmaceuticalIndustry

(1)UbwizaControl inDrugPumusaruro: Mugihe cyo gukora ibiyobyabwenge, amacupa ya scintillation akoreshwa muguhitamo ibice byibiyobyabwenge no kumenya ibikoresho bikoresha radio kugirango harebwe niba ubuziranenge bwibiyobyabwenge bwujuje ibisabwa. Ibi bikubiyemo kugerageza ibikorwa, kwibanda, hamwe nubuziranenge bwa isotopi ya radio, ndetse n’umutekano ibiyobyabwenge bishobora kugumana mubihe bitandukanye.

(2)Iterambere kandiSkuremaNew Ditapi: Amacupa ya Scintillation akoreshwa mugutezimbere ibiyobyabwenge kugirango hamenyekane metabolism, efficacy, na toxicology yibiyobyabwenge. Ibi bifasha mugusuzuma ibiyobyabwenge bishobora kuba umukandida no guhuza imiterere yabyo, kwihutisha umuvuduko nuburyo bwiza bwo guteza imbere ibiyobyabwenge.

▶ E.ibidukikijeMonitoring

(1)IradiyoPollutionMonitoring: Amacupa ya Scintillation akoreshwa cyane mugukurikirana ibidukikije, bigira uruhare runini mugupima ubunini nigikorwa cyimyanda ihumanya radio mubutaka, ibidukikije byamazi, numwuka. Ibi bifite akamaro kanini mu gusuzuma ikwirakwizwa ry’ibintu bikoresha radiyo mu bidukikije, umwanda wa kirimbuzi muri Chengdu, kurengera ubuzima rusange n’umutekano w’umutungo, n’ubuzima bw’ibidukikije.

(2)NucleaireWasteTgusubiramo kandiMonitoring: Mu nganda zikoresha ingufu za kirimbuzi, amacupa ya scintillation nayo akoreshwa mugukurikirana no gupima inzira yo gutunganya imyanda ya kirimbuzi. Ibi bikubiyemo gupima ibikorwa by’imyanda ikomoka kuri radiyo, kugenzura imyuka ihumanya ikirere ituruka ku bigo bitunganya imyanda, n’ibindi, kugira ngo umutekano wubahirizwe n’inzira yo gutunganya imyanda ya kirimbuzi.

Ingero zaAGusaba inOtherFields

(1)GeologiyaResearch: Amashanyarazi ya Scintillation akoreshwa cyane mubijyanye na geologiya kugirango bapime ibiri muri isotopi ya radio ikora mu bitare, mu butaka, no mu myunyu ngugu, no kwiga amateka y'isi binyuze mu gupima neza. Inzira ya geologiya hamwe na genesi yububiko bwamabuye y'agaciro

(2) In iField yaFoodIndustry, amacupa ya scintillation akoreshwa kenshi mugupima ibiri mubintu bya radioaktike mubitegererezo byibiribwa bikorerwa mu nganda zibiribwa, hagamijwe gusuzuma umutekano n’ibibazo by’ibiribwa.

(3)ImirasireTkuvura: Amacupa ya Scintillation akoreshwa mubijyanye no kuvura imirasire yubuvuzi kugirango bapime igipimo cyimirasire iterwa nibikoresho byo kuvura imirasire, byemeza neza numutekano mugihe cyo kuvura.

Binyuze mubikorwa byinshi mubice bitandukanye nkubuvuzi, gukurikirana ibidukikije, geologiya, ibiryo, nibindi, amacupa ya scintillation ntabwo atanga uburyo bwiza bwo gupima radiyo yinganda gusa, ahubwo no mubice byimibereho, ibidukikije, numuco, byita kubuzima bwabantu n’imibereho n’ibidukikije umutekano.

Ⅳ. Ingaruka ku bidukikije no Kuramba

• UmusaruroStage

▶ IbikoreshoSamatoraConsideringSkuramba

(1)UwitekaUseRenewableMaterial: Mu gukora amacupa ya scintillation, ibikoresho bishobora kuvugururwa nka plastiki ibinyabuzima bishobora kwangirika cyangwa polymers ishobora gukoreshwa nabyo bifatwa nkigabanya kugabanya kwishingikiriza kumikoro make adashobora kuvugururwa no kugabanya ingaruka zabyo kubidukikije.

(2)IbyingenziSamatora yaLkaruboniPollutingMaterial: Hagomba gushyirwa imbere ibikoresho bifite umutungo wa karubone muke mu gukora no gukora, nko kugabanya ikoreshwa ry’ingufu n’ibyuka bihumanya kugira ngo bigabanye umutwaro ku bidukikije.

(3) GusubiramoMaterial.

IbidukikijeImpactAssessment mugihePumusaruroProcess

(1)UbuzimaCycleAsessessment.

(2) Sisitemu yo gucunga ibidukikije. ko bakomeje gufata ingamba zifatika kandi zifatika kugirango bagabanye ingaruka z’ibidukikije), gushyiraho ingamba zifatika zo gucunga ibidukikije, kugenzura no kugenzura ingaruka z’ibidukikije mu gihe cy’umusaruro, kandi barebe ko inzira zose z’umusaruro zubahiriza ibisabwa bikomeye by’amabwiriza y’ibidukikije kandi ibipimo.

(3) IbikoreshoCkubungabunga noEnergyEkuburaIGutezimbere: Mugutezimbere ibikorwa byikoranabuhanga hamwe nikoranabuhanga, kugabanya igihombo cyibikoresho ningufu, gukoresha umutungo ningufu zikoreshwa neza, bityo bikagabanya ingaruka mbi kubidukikije ndetse n’ibyuka bihumanya ikirere mugihe cyibikorwa.

Muri gahunda yo kubyaza umusaruro amacupa ya scintillation, urebye ibintu bitera imbere birambye, gufata ibikoresho byangiza ibidukikije hamwe ningamba zifatika zo gucunga umusaruro, ingaruka mbi kubidukikije zirashobora kugabanuka muburyo bukwiye, bigateza imbere imikoreshereze myiza yumutungo niterambere rirambye ryibidukikije.

• Koresha Icyiciro

▶ W.asteManagement

(1)BirakwiyeDisposal. .

(2) IbyiciroRecycling: Amacupa ya Scintillation mubusanzwe akozwe mubikoresho bisubirwamo, nk'ikirahure cyangwa polyethylene. Amacupa ya scintillation yatawe arashobora kandi gushyirwa mubikorwa no gukoreshwa kugirango umutungo ukoreshwe neza.

(3) Biteye akagaWasteTreatment.

▶ Gusubiramo kandiReuse

(1)Gusubiramo noRKureka: Amacupa yimyanda yimyanda irashobora gukoreshwa hifashishijwe gutunganya no gusubiramo. Amacupa ya scintillation yongeye gukoreshwa arashobora gutunganywa ninganda n’ibikoresho byihariye byo gutunganya ibicuruzwa, kandi ibikoresho birashobora gusubirwamo mu macupa mashya ya scintillation cyangwa ibindi bicuruzwa bya pulasitiki.

(2)IbikoreshoReuse. nk'ibikoresho byo gukora ibindi bintu, nk'abafite ikaramu, ibikoresho by'ibirahure bya buri munsi, n'ibindi, kugirango ugere ku gukoresha ibikoresho no gukoresha neza umutungo.

(3) Teza imbereSbirashobokaConsumption: Shishikariza abakoresha guhitamo uburyo burambye bwo gukoresha, nko guhitamo amacupa ya scintillation yongeye gukoreshwa, kwirinda ikoreshwa ry’ibicuruzwa bya pulasitike bishobotse, kugabanya kubyara imyanda ya pulasitike ikoreshwa, guteza imbere ubukungu bw’umuzingi n’iterambere rirambye.

Gucunga neza no gukoresha imyanda yamacupa ya scintillation, guteza imbere kongera gukoreshwa no kuyakoresha, birashobora kugabanya ingaruka mbi kubidukikije no guteza imbere imikoreshereze myiza nogukoresha neza umutungo.

Ⅴ. Guhanga udushya

• Iterambere rishya ryibikoresho

▶ B.iodegradableMaterial

(1)BirambyeMaterial: Mu rwego rwo guhangana n’ingaruka mbi z’ibidukikije zatewe mu gihe cyo gutunganya ibikoresho by’amacupa ya scintillation, iterambere ryibikoresho byangirika nkibikoresho fatizo bibyara umusaruro byabaye inzira yingenzi. Ibikoresho bishobora kwangirika birashobora kwangirika buhoro buhoro mubintu bitagira ingaruka ku bantu no ku bidukikije nyuma y’ubuzima bwabo, bikagabanya umwanda ku bidukikije.

(2)InzitiziFaced mugiheResearch naDiterambere: Ibikoresho bishobora kwangirika bishobora guhura nibibazo mubijyanye nubukanishi, imiterere yimiti, hamwe no kugenzura ibiciro. Niyo mpamvu, birakenewe guhora tunonosora uburyo bwo gutunganya no gutunganya ibikoresho fatizo kugirango tunoze imikorere yibikoresho byangiza kandi byongere ubuzima bwa serivisi yibicuruzwa byakozwe hakoreshejwe ibikoresho bibora.

▶ I.ntelligentDesign

(1)RemoteMonitoring naSensorIntegration: hifashishijwe tekinoroji ya sensor igezweho, guhuza ubwenge byubwenge hamwe na interineti ikurikirana kure byahujwe kugirango hamenyekane igihe nyacyo, ikusanyamakuru hamwe no kugera ku makuru ya kure y’ibidukikije. Ihuriro ryubwenge ritezimbere neza urwego rwimikorere yubushakashatsi, kandi abakozi ba siyanse nubuhanga barashobora kandi gukurikirana inzira yubushakashatsi nibisubizo nyabyo mugihe icyo aricyo cyose nahantu hose binyuze mubikoresho bigendanwa cyangwa urubuga rwibikoresho byurusobe, kunoza imikorere, guhuza ibikorwa byubushakashatsi, no kwizerwa by'ibisubizo by'igerageza.

(2)AmakuruAgusesengura naFeedback: Ukurikije amakuru yakusanyirijwe hamwe nibikoresho byubwenge, guteza imbere isesengura ryubwenge algorithms na moderi, kandi ukore igihe nyacyo cyo gutunganya no gusesengura amakuru. Mugusesengura ubushishozi amakuru yubushakashatsi, abashakashatsi barashobora kubona mugihe cyibisubizo byubushakashatsi, bagahindura kandi bagatanga ibitekerezo, kandi bakihutisha iterambere ryubushakashatsi.

Binyuze mugutezimbere ibikoresho bishya no guhuza hamwe nubushakashatsi bwubwenge, amacupa ya scintillation afite isoko ryagutse ryimikorere nimirimo, bikomeza guteza imbere automatike, ubwenge, niterambere rirambye ryimirimo ya laboratoire.

• Kwikora noDigitization

YikoraSbihagijePgutondeka

(1)KwikoraSbihagijePgutondekaProcess: Mubikorwa byo gukora amacupa ya scintillation no gutunganya ibyitegererezo, ibikoresho byikora na sisitemu biratangizwa, nkibikoresho byikora byikora, ibyuma bitunganya amazi, nibindi, kugirango bigerweho muburyo bwo gutunganya icyitegererezo. Ibi bikoresho byikora birashobora gukuraho ibikorwa birambiranye byintoki zipakurura, gusesa, kuvanga, no kuyungurura, kugirango tunonosore imikorere yubushakashatsi hamwe namakuru yubushakashatsi.

(2)AutomaticSamplingSystem: ifite ibikoresho byikora byikora, birashobora kugera kubikusanyirizo no gutunganya ibyitegererezo, bityo bikagabanya amakosa yimikorere yintoki no kunoza umuvuduko wo gutunganya no kwizerwa. Sisitemu yo gutoranya yikora irashobora gukoreshwa mubyiciro bitandukanye byintangarugero hamwe nubushakashatsi, nko gusesengura imiti, ubushakashatsi bwibinyabuzima, nibindi.

▶ AmakuruMimiyoborere kandiAgusesengura

(1)Gukoresha imibare yubushakashatsi: Hindura imibare yo gucunga no gucunga amakuru yubushakashatsi, kandi ushireho uburyo bumwe bwo gucunga amakuru. Ukoresheje Laboratoire Yamakuru yo gucunga amakuru (LIMS) cyangwa porogaramu yo gucunga amakuru yubushakashatsi, gufata amajwi mu buryo bwikora, kubika, no kugarura amakuru yubushakashatsi birashobora kugerwaho, bitezimbere amakuru yumutekano n'umutekano.

(2)Gushyira mu bikorwa ibikoresho byo gusesengura amakuru: Koresha ibikoresho byo gusesengura amakuru na algorithms nko kwiga imashini, ubwenge bwubukorikori, nibindi kugirango ukore ubucukuzi bwimbitse no gusesengura amakuru yubushakashatsi. Ibi bikoresho byo gusesengura amakuru birashobora gufasha neza abashakashatsi gushakisha no kuvumbura isano nubusanzwe hagati yamakuru atandukanye, gukuramo amakuru yingirakamaro yihishe hagati yamakuru, kugirango abashakashatsi bashobore gutanga ibitekerezo kubandi hanyuma amaherezo bagere kubisubizo byungurana ibitekerezo.

(3)Kubona ibisubizo byubushakashatsi: Ukoresheje ikorana buhanga rya tekinoroji, ibisubizo byubushakashatsi birashobora gutangwa muburyo bwimbitse muburyo bwimbonerahamwe, amashusho, nibindi, bityo bigafasha abashakashatsi gusobanukirwa vuba no gusesengura ibisobanuro nibigenda byamakuru yubushakashatsi. Ibi bifasha abashakashatsi mu bya siyansi kumva neza ibisubizo byubushakashatsi no gufata ibyemezo bihuye.

Binyuze mu buryo bwikora bwo gutunganya no gukoresha amakuru ya digitale no gusesengura, gukora neza, ubwenge, hamwe namakuru ashingiye kumirimo ya laboratoire irashobora kugerwaho, kuzamura ireme no kwizerwa ryubushakashatsi, no guteza imbere iterambere no guhanga udushya mubushakashatsi bwa siyansi.

Ⅵ. Umutekano n'amabwiriza

• IradiyoMaterialHandling

UmutekanoOperationGuide

(1)Uburezi n'amahugurwa. kwemeza ko abakozi nabandi bumva, bamenyereye, kandi bakurikiza byimazeyo amabwiriza yumutekano wa laboratoire.

(2)Umuntu ku giti cyePkuzungurukaEibicuruzwa.

(3)YubahirizaOperatingPAmashanyarazi.

Gupfusha ubusaDisposalRurugero

(1)Gutondekanya no Kuranga: Dukurikije amategeko ya laboratoire, amabwiriza, hamwe nuburyo busanzwe bwo kugerageza, ibikoresho byangiza radio byashyizwe mubikorwa kandi byashyizweho ikimenyetso kugirango bisobanure urwego rwibikorwa bya radiyo nibisabwa gutunganya, hagamijwe kurinda ubuzima bwabakozi ba laboratoire nabandi.

(2)Ububiko bw'agateganyo. Hagomba gufatwa ingamba zihariye zo kurinda icyitegererezo cya laboratoire kugirango hirindwe kumeneka ibikoresho bya radiyo kandi bikareba ko bitangiza ibidukikije ndetse n’abakozi.

(3)Kurandura imyanda neza. Ibi birashobora kubamo kohereza ibikoresho byajugunywe mubikoresho byihariye byo gutunganya imyanda cyangwa ahantu ho kujugunya, cyangwa gukora ububiko bwiza no guta imyanda ya radio.

Mugukurikiza byimazeyo umurongo ngenderwaho wumutekano wa laboratoire hamwe nuburyo bwo kujugunya imyanda, abakozi ba laboratoire nibidukikije birashobora gukingirwa cyane kwanduza radio, kandi umutekano no kubahiriza imirimo ya laboratoire birashobora kubahirizwa.

• LabratorySumutekano

. Bifite akamaroRurugero naLabratoryStandards

(1)Amabwiriza yo gucunga ibikoresho bya radiyo: Laboratoire zigomba kubahiriza byimazeyo uburyo bwogukoresha ibikoresho byogukoresha radiyo yigihugu ndetse nakarere, harimo ariko ntibigarukira gusa kumabwiriza agenga kugura, gukoresha, kubika, no guta ingero za radio.

(2)Amabwiriza yo gucunga umutekano wa laboratoire: Ukurikije imiterere nubunini bwa laboratoire, shiraho kandi ushyire mubikorwa sisitemu yumutekano nuburyo bukoreshwa bwubahiriza amabwiriza yo gucunga umutekano wa laboratoire yigihugu ndetse nakarere, kugirango umutekano nubuzima bwumubiri byabakozi ba laboratoire.

(3) ImitiRiskManagementRurugero: Niba laboratoire ikubiyemo gukoresha imiti ishobora guteza akaga, amabwiriza y’imicungire y’imiti n’ibipimo ngenderwaho bigomba gukurikizwa byimazeyo, harimo ibisabwa mu gutanga amasoko, kubika, gukoresha mu buryo bwemewe n’amategeko, hamwe n’uburyo bwo kujugunya imiti.

▶ IngarukaAssessment naManagement

(1)IbisanzweRiskInspection naRiskAsessessmentPAmashanyarazi: Mbere yo gukora ubushakashatsi bwibyago, hashobora gusuzumwa ingaruka zitandukanye zishobora kubaho mugihe cyambere, hagati, na nyuma yicyiciro cy’ubushakashatsi zigomba gusuzumwa, harimo ingaruka zijyanye n’icyitegererezo cy’imiti ubwazo, ibikoresho bikoresha radiyo, ingaruka z’ibinyabuzima, nibindi, kugirango tumenye kandi dufate ingamba zikenewe zo kugabanya ingaruka. Isuzuma ry’ingaruka n’igenzura ry’umutekano muri laboratoire bigomba gukorwa buri gihe kugira ngo hamenyekane kandi bikemure ingaruka n’ibibazo by’umutekano byashyizwe ahagaragara, kuvugurura uburyo bukenewe bwo gucunga umutekano n’uburyo bwo gukora igerageza mu gihe gikwiye, no kunoza urwego rw’umutekano rw’imirimo ya laboratoire.

(2)IngarukaManagementMbyoroshye: Hashingiwe ku bisubizo bisanzwe byo gusuzuma ingaruka, guteza imbere, kunoza, no gushyira mu bikorwa ingamba zijyanye no gucunga ibyago, harimo gukoresha ibikoresho birinda umuntu ku giti cye, ingamba zo guhumeka muri laboratoire, ingamba zo gutabara muri laboratoire, gahunda yo gutabara impanuka, n'ibindi, kugira ngo umutekano n'umutekano bigerweho inzira yo kwipimisha.

Mu gukurikiza byimazeyo amategeko, amabwiriza, hamwe n’ibipimo ngenderwaho byinjira muri laboratoire, gukora isuzuma ry’ingaruka n’imicungire ya laboratoire, ndetse no gutanga inyigisho z’umutekano n’amahugurwa ku bakozi ba laboratoire, dushobora kurinda umutekano no kubahiriza imirimo ya laboratoire bishoboka. , kubungabunga ubuzima bwabakozi ba laboratoire, no kugabanya cyangwa kwirinda kwanduza ibidukikije.

Ⅶ. Umwanzuro

Muri laboratoire cyangwa ahandi hantu bisaba gukingirwa byintangarugero, amacupa ya scintillation nigikoresho cyingirakamaro, kandi akamaro kayo nubudasa mubushakashatsi arkwiyangant. Nka kimwe murinyamukuruibikoresho byo gupima isotopi ya radio, amacupa ya scintillation bigira uruhare runini mubushakashatsi bwa siyanse, inganda zimiti, gukurikirana ibidukikije, nizindi nzego. Biturutse kuri radiyogupima isotope mugupima ibiyobyabwenge, kuri ADN ikurikirana nizindi manza zikoreshwa,impinduramatwara yamacupa ya scintillation ituma imwe murimweibikoresho by'ingenzi muri laboratoire.

Ariko, bigomba kandi kumenyekana ko kuramba numutekano ari ngombwa mugukoresha amacupa ya scintillation. Kuva guhitamo ibikoresho kugeza kubishushanyoibiranga, kimwe no gutekereza kubikorwa, gukoresha, no kujugunya, dukeneye kwita kubidukikije byangiza ibidukikije nibikorwa byumusaruro, hamwe nibipimo ngenderwaho mugukora neza no gucunga imyanda. Gusa mugukomeza kuramba numutekano turashobora gukoresha byimazeyo uruhare rukomeye rwamacupa ya scintillation, mugihe turinze ibidukikije no kurengera ubuzima bwabantu.

Kurundi ruhande, iterambere ryamacupa ya scintillation ahura nibibazo n'amahirwe. Hamwe niterambere ryiterambere rya siyanse nikoranabuhanga, turashobora guteganya iterambere ryibikoresho bishya, ikoreshwa ryubuhanga bwubwenge mubice bitandukanye, hamwe no kumenyekanisha automatike na digitifike, bizarushaho kunoza imikorere nimikorere yamacupa ya scintillation. Tugomba kandi guhangana n’ibibazo mu buryo burambye n’umutekano, nko guteza imbere ibikoresho byangirika, iterambere, kunoza, no gushyira mu bikorwa umurongo ngenderwaho w’ibikorwa by’umutekano. Gusa mugutsinda no gukemura byimazeyo ibibazo dushobora kugera ku iterambere rirambye ryamacupa ya scintillation mubushakashatsi bwa siyanse no mubikorwa byinganda, kandi tugatanga umusanzu munini muguteza imbere umuryango wabantu.