Intangiriro

Mu nganda zigezweho zicuruza ibicuruzwa, umutekano mu gupakira ni ingenzi mu kubungabunga ubuziranenge bw'ibicuruzwa n'uburenganzira n'inyungu by'abaguzi, cyane cyane mu bice bihuriraho n'umubiri w'umuntu, nko mu biribwa, imiti n'amavuta yo kwisiga. Gupakira nabi cyangwa kwangirika bishobora kwanduza ibicuruzwa, kwangirika ndetse no gushyira mu kaga ubuzima bw'abaguzi, bityo,Ikoranabuhanga ryo gupakira ridashobora kwangirika ryabaye icyerekezo cy'ingenzi cy'ubushakashatsi mu nganda.

Nk’ibikoresho bibiri bikuru byo gupfunyikamo, amacupa ya pulasitiki n’amacupa y’ibirahure bifite ibyiza n’ibibi byabyo mu macupa y’ibirahure bigaragara ko byangiritse. Amacupa ya pulasitiki akenshi agenewe kuba amacupa y’ibirahure bigaragara ko byangiritse bitewe n’uburemere bwabyo bworoshye n’uburyo bworoshye bwo gupfunyika, mu gihe amacupa y’ibirahure ashingira ku buryo bwo gupfundikira bitewe n’ubukomere bwayo bwinshi n’ubushobozi bwo kuyafunga.

Kugereranya ikoranabuhanga rirwanya ubujura bw'amayeri

1. Ikoranabuhanga ryo gukaraba uducupa tw'ibirahuri bigaragara

Amacupa y'ikirahure akunze gukoreshwa mu gupfunyika imiti, inzoga n'ubwiza bitewe n'ubukomere bwayo bwinshi, kudakora neza kw'ibinyabutabire ndetse no gukorera mu mucyo mwinshi. Ikoranabuhanga ryayo ryo kurwanya uburibwe rigizwe ahanini na:

• Impeta yo kuruhuka: Udupfundikizo tw'amacupa twagenewe kuvunika iyo dufunguwe bwa mbere, tugasiga ikimenyetso kigaragara. Abaguzi bashobora kumenya niba agapfundikizo karangiritse bareba niba impeta yo kuruhuka imeze neza.
• Filimi yo gufunga ishyuha cyane: Agapfundikizo gashobora gushyuha gapfundikiye ku munwa cyangwa ku mupfundikizo w'icupa, kandi agapfundikizo gakwiye gucika cyangwa kwangirika mugihe gafunguwe, kandi ntigashobora kugarurwa. Imvugo ikunze gukoreshwa ku nzoga, ibinyobwa n'imiti imwe n'imwe.
• Gushushanya hakoreshejwe imirasire ya laser/Microtext birwanya ibihimbano: Ishusho ya laser y'ikirango cy'ikirango cyangwa microtext ku buso bw'ikirahure, bigoye kuyibona nyuma yo gufungura, ikwiriye ibikenewe cyane mu kurwanya ibihimbano.
• Gukomera kw'ibinyabutabire: ikirahure ubwacyo kirwanya ingese, kirwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi, kandi nticyoroshye kwangirika n'imiti ihumanya, ishobora gukumira gutera ibintu byangiza.

2. Ikoranabuhanga ryo kurwanya uburiganya ku macupa ya pulasitiki

Amacupa ya pulasitiki ni ayoroheje, ahendutse kandi yoroshye kuyasya, kandi akoreshwa cyane mu nganda zikora ibiribwa, imiti n'ibinyabutabire bya buri munsi. Ikoranabuhanga ryabo ryo kurwanya ihungabana ririmo:

• Impeta yo kurwanya ubujura: imiterere y'impeta ikozwe munsi y'umupfundikizo w'icupa, impeta irinda ubujura iravaho iyo ifunguwe bwa mbere, ibyo bikaba bigaragaza niba yarafunguwe cyangwa itafunguwe.
• Umupfundikizo w'amarira ukoreshwa mu gihe runaka: Hari udupfundikizo tw'ibirungo cyangwa amacupa yo kwisiga agomba gucika umurongo uhuza iyo ufunguwe bwa mbere, kandi ntushobora kongera gukururwa hamwe.
• Ibikoresho bishobora kwangirika: Plastike yihariye ihinduka burundu nyuma y'ubushyuhe cyangwa imbaraga kugira ngo hirindwe ko ipfundikirwa mu buryo bwa kabiri.

Kugereranya Imikorere

1. Umutekano

Ibikoresho by'ikirahure ni byiza cyane mu bijyanye n'umutekano. Bishobora gutoroshye kwinjiramo ibikoresho nk'inshinge kandi ntibikunze guterwamo ibintu byanduye, bigatuma byizewe mu bidukikije bidapfundikiye. Ariko, ikirahure kirapfa kwihuta, kandi iyo cyangiritse, ubusugire bw'ibikoresho buragabanuka kandi ibirimo bigashyirwa ahagaragara byoroshye, bishobora gutuma habaho ibyago byo kwangirika mu buryo butunguranye. Mu buryo bunyuranye, nubwo ibikoresho bya pulasitiki bidapfa kugwa kandi bikaba bikwiye gutwara no gukoreshwa buri munsi, ibikoresho byoroshye kwinjiramo n'inshinge cyangwa bikangirika n'imiti imwe n'imwe ya shimi, bigatera akaga gashobora guterwa n'umutekano mu bihe bimwe na bimwe.

2. Ingaruka zo kurwanya ibihimbano

Akamaro k'ibirahure mu kwirinda ibihimbano ni uko ibimenyetso byabyo byangiritse bigaragara, kandi iyo byangiritse, nko gupfuka cyangwa gucika, ntibishoboka kugarura, kandi ingaruka zikomeye zo kurwanya ibihimbano. Nubwo pulasitiki ishobora kutagaragaza ibimenyetso byo kwangirika mu buryo bworoshye, ishobora gukora uburyo bwo kwirinda ibihimbano mu buryo bwihishe kandi bugezweho binyuze mu gukoresha ikoranabuhanga rigezweho, rikwiriye gupfunyika mu buryo buhanitse busaba uburinzi bwihishe.

3. Ikiguzi n'ubushobozi bwo gukora

Muri rusange ikirahure kirahenda cyane mu gukora kurusha pulasitiki. Uburyo bwo kugikora buragoye kandi ikiguzi cyo gutwara kiri hejuru, ariko biroroshye gufunga umurongo w’icyatsi kibisi bitewe nuko gishobora kongera gukoreshwa. Ku rundi ruhande, ibikoresho bya pulasitiki bifite inyungu mu gukora byinshi bitewe n’ibiciro biri hasi by’ibikoresho fatizo, ubushobozi bwo kubitunganya no kuba bifite uburemere bworoshye. Ariko, ibibazo by’ihumana ry’ibidukikije biterwa na pulasitiki, cyane cyane iyo ikoreshwa rimwe gusa, bikunze kwibazwaho n’ibibazo by’ibidukikije.

4. Uburyo abaguzi babona ibintu

Ibikoresho by'ikirahure bikunze gutanga ishusho y'uko ari iby'igiciro cyo hejuru, bifite umutekano kandi bifite ubuziranenge, kandi bikunze gukoreshwa mu bijyanye n'inzoga zo mu rwego rwo hejuru, imiti cyangwa amavuta yo kwisiga. Ariko, imiterere yabyo ikomeye kandi yoroshye kuyitwara igabanya ubushobozi bwo kuyitwara no kuyikoresha. Mu buryo bunyuranye, ibikoresho bya pulasitiki bikoreshwa cyane mu bicuruzwa bigurwa bitewe n'uburemere bwabyo bworoshye, kuramba no kuhendutse, ariko bishobora guha bamwe mu baguzi ishusho y'uko ari "ibiri" cyangwa "bitameze neza bihagije", cyane cyane mu bicuruzwa bifite agaciro gakomeye.

Isesengura ry'Ikoreshwa ry'Inganda

1. Inganda zikora imiti

Mu rwego rw'imiti, umutekano n'ubudahangarwa bw'ibikoresho byo mu gikoresho ni ingenzi cyane. Ibikoresho by'ikirahure bikoreshwa cyane mu gukingira, gutera inshinge, ifu ya lyophilized n'indi miti ifite ibisabwa cyane kugira ngo itaba isanzwe cyangwa idakora neza. Ikirahure nticyoroshye kugirana n'ibice by'imiti kandi gishobora kugumana ubudahangarwa bw'imiti igihe kirekire, bigatuma kiba amahitamo ya mbere ku bicuruzwa bifite ibisabwa byinshi by'umutekano. Mu buryo bunyuranye, ibikoresho bya pulasitiki birakwiriye cyane ku miti ya OTC, ibinyobwa binyobwa, ibinini bya vitamine n'ibindi bicuruzwa bifite ibisabwa byo gupfunyika. Byoroshye, byoroshye kubumba, kandi bihendutse, bigatuma kiba kimwe mu bicuruzwa by'ingenzi mu gupfunyika imiti.

2. Inganda z'ibiribwa n'ibinyobwa

Mu nganda z'ibiribwa n'ibinyobwa, guhitamo amacupa bifitanye isano rya hafi no gushyira ibicuruzwa mu mwanya wabyo. Amacupa y'ikirahure akunze gukoreshwa mu gukora divayi nziza, jamu, ibiryo by'abana, nibindi. Ibi bicuruzwa byibanda ku ishusho y'ikirango n'umutekano w'ibiribwa, kandi imiterere y'ibirahure ihinduka akarusho. Ku rundi ruhande, amacupa ya pulasitiki akoreshwa cyane mu bicuruzwa bya FMCG bya buri munsi nk'amazi y'ubutare, ibinyobwa birimo karubone, ibirungo, nibindi. Uburemere bwabyo bworoshye bworohereza ubwikorezi no gutembera ku bwinshi, kandi niyo mahitamo akomeye ku isoko. Byongeye kandi, imiterere y'amacupa ya pulasitiki ikoreshwa cyane ni ingirakamaro cyane mu gupfunyika isosi n'ibindi birungo.

3. Inganda zikora ibijyanye no kwisiga

Mu rwego rw'ubwiza, ibikoresho byo mu gikoresho ntabwo bifitanye isano gusa n'uburambe bw'ikoreshwa, ahubwo binagira ingaruka ku buryo umuguzi abona urwego rw'ibicuruzwa. Ibikoresho by'ikirahure bikoreshwa cyane cyane ku bicuruzwa nka parufe, serum, amavuta yo kwita ku ruhu yo mu rwego rwo hejuru, nibindi, bitashobora kuziba gusa imirasire ya ogisijeni na ultraviolet, ahubwo binatanga ishusho y'ibicuruzwa byiza kandi byiza. Mu buryo bunyuranye, ibikoresho bya pulasitiki bikwiriye ibicuruzwa binini nka shampoo, gel zo kwiyuhagira n'amavuta yo kwisiga ku mubiri. Ibi bicuruzwa bisaba uburyo bworoshye bwo koroshya no kwirinda kugwa, kandi pulasitiki ifite inyungu karemano muri urwo rwego, ndetse ikaba ikwiriye cyane ku miterere itandukanye y'amacupa nka pompe z'umuvuduko n'udupfundikizo.

Inzira z'iterambere ry'ejo hazaza

1. Iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga ry'ubwenge rirwanya ubujura

Uko icyifuzo cy’ibicuruzwa birwanya inyito n’uburyo bikurikirana kigenda cyiyongera, ingamba zisanzwe zo kurwanya inyito zigenda ziyongeraho cyangwa zigasimbuzwa ikoranabuhanga rigezweho. Ibirango bya rFID bifasha gusoma ibintu bitanyuze mu ikoranabuhanga no gukurikirana umusaruro, ibikoresho, n’ibicuruzwa mu buryo bwuzuye, mu gihe ikoranabuhanga rya blockchain ryemeza ko amakuru ajyanye n’uburyo bikurikirana adashobora kwangizwa binyuze mu gitabo cy’ibaruramari gikwirakwizwa. Uyu mubare wose, umaze gushyirwa mu birango by’amakonteyineri cyangwa mu nyubako zifunze, uzongera cyane umutekano n’ubwizerwe bw’ibicuruzwa bifite agaciro kanini, ndetse no guha abaguzi uruhererekane rw’icyizere rushobora kwemezwa.

2. Guhanga udushya mu bikoresho birengera ibidukikije mu buryo bwibanda ku

Mu gihe hakomeje gukazwa amategeko agenga ibidukikije ku isi no kongera ubumenyi ku baguzi ku bijyanye no kurengera ibidukikije, gukomeza gukoresha ibikoresho byo gupfunyika byabaye ingenzi mu iterambere. Ku ruhande rumwe, plastiki zishobora kwangirika zigenda zisimbura plastiki gakondo zikoreshwa muri peteroli, cyane cyane mu biribwa, imiti ikoreshwa buri munsi n'ibindi bikorwa rimwe, aho ikoreshwa ryiyongera. Ku rundi ruhande, koroshya ibikoresho by'ibirahure nabyo biri gutera imbere ku rwego rwa tekiniki, bigabanya uburemere bw'amacupa binyuze mu buryo bwiza bwo kuyatunganya no kuyabumba, ariko bigakomeza gukomera no kuyakoresha, kandi bigagabanya ikiguzi cyo gutwara ibintu n'ibintu bihumanya ikirere. Iyi nzira y'impande zombi izahindura uburyo bwo guhitamo ibikoresho.

3. Gushakisha ibisubizo by'ibipfunyika bivanze

Bitewe n'uburyo bwinshi bwo kurengera ibidukikije, ibikoresho bimwe ntibishobora guhaza ibyo abantu bakeneye byose, gupfunyika ibintu bitandukanye birimo guhinduka igisubizo gishya. Uburyo bwo gupfunyika ibintu bitandukanye bwa "ikirahure + plastiki" ntibutuma imikorere rusange irushaho kuba myiza gusa, ahubwo bushobora no guhindurwa hakurikijwe imiterere yihariye, hamwe no koroshya ikoreshwa.

Umwanzuro

Amacupa y'ikirahure n'amacupa ya pulasitiki bifite ibyiza byabyo, biragoye kumenya neza ikiruta cyangwa kibi, ikintu cy'ingenzi ni urwego rw'ubushobozi bwo kuyakoresha mu buryo butandukanye.

Ikintu cy'ingenzi kiri mu kuba zikwiriye mu buryo butandukanye bwo kuzikoresha. Muri make, nta nyungu cyangwa ikibi kigaragara, ni uko zikwiriye cyangwa zitakwiriye. Mu gihe kizaza, uruhare rw'ibirahure na pulasitiki ruzaba rufite urwego rwinshi mbere y'uko habaho "igabana ry'umurimo", aho "gusimbura" abarushanwa. Gahunda nziza, akenshi ishingiye ku bicuruzwa byihariye n'ingamba z'isoko, kugira ngo habeho guhitamo kuringaniye.